<< Due to changes in humidity, temperature, and wind speed, isolation distances will always be greater: You respond to a highway incident in which a road trailer has turned onto its side and is heard to be leaking. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. On the other hand, some chemicals are unstable and are likely to react either alone or in combination with other chemicals and substances. Annu Rev Environ Resour 29:205259, Moore JN, Luoma SN (1990) Hazardous wastes from large-scale metal extraction: a case study. The major stages in a material's lifecycle are raw material acquisition, materials manufacture, production, use/reuse/maintenance, and waste management. What materials are best for protecting against alpha particles? March 20, 2013 22 6 0 obj Environ Sci Technol 37:53835388, Lim SR, Lam CW, Schoenung JM (2010) Quantity-based and toxicity-based evaluation of the U.S. toxics release inventory. Section I defines and classifies hazardous materials and covers the U.S. regulatory framework and standards governing the transport and use of such materials. A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. /Title (xsr10d4.tmp) Small volunteer fire departments often lack the personnel and skills required to inspect and maintain records on hazardous materials stored locally; some train citizen volunteers to assist them in these tasks. /Thumb 341 0 R Health Hazards The health hazards of the hazardous substance must be given, including the signs and symptoms of exposure (such as a rash or burning of the eyes and throat) and any medical conditions which are generally recognized as being aggravated by exposure to the material. Characterization and assessment methods are needed to correctly identify substances of concern and to evaluate in a systematic way the degree of hazard they pose to ecosystems and human health. Physical Hazards The physical hazards of the material must be noted on the MSDS, including the potential for fire, explosions, or reactions, and the conditions under which they may occur. Thoughtful policies are needed at each phase to protect local residents from unnecessary health risks. Moving away from the radiation source will reduce exposure. Handling and storage of HF requires special materials technology for containers, pipes, valves, gaskets, etc., which is available from suppliers. Sites that are inactive (not receiving hazardous waste) are generally listed and ranked for cleanup under the Federal Superfund legislation or State cleanup programs, while active sites are regulated under RCRA. If the product is a mixture and has not been tested as a whole, the hazardous ingredients which comprise 1% or greater of the mixture must be given. Which category of high explosive is based on ammonium nitrate (AN) and ammonium perchlorate and is extremely insensitive, requiring high explosive boosters to initiate detonation? How is distance used as a protective action? Consider the five phases of the life cycle of a hazardous material-production, transportation, storage, use, and disposal. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, Harper CA (2000) Modern plastics handbook. > o q j k l m n | ` bjbj @ D k k k k \ k 4 z *m *m ( Rm Rm zm rr 6 r r - / / / / / / $ ( h J S }x q | Pr " }x }x S Rm zm Z h +} +} +} }x p Rm ( r 8 zm - +} }x - +} +} M 6 zm m `HC7W k x 1 6 Q ~ 0 g R y " l r , s +} t vu r r r S S | p r r r }x }x }x }x D7 J= - J= Unit 3: IDENTIFYING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS OBJECTIVES: In this unit, you will learn about: Clues that indicate the presence of hazardous materials How to identify where hazardous materials are located in your community Common problems and remedies for hazardous materials sites How to use a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) to learn more about acutely toxic substances How do you know where hazardous materials exist in your community, and whether or not they pose a threat to public health? Your local codes are critical elements in protecting community health, for they determine what handling, reporting, and emergency preparedness practices are considered safe. It is usually the local fire departments role to inspect facilities to ensure code compliance. endobj * *Get medical attention promptly for all affected persons. At the local level, citizens can often express their concern about a local industrys safe manufacture and storage of hazardous materials by conducting a neighborhood inspection. In order to certify as a Six Sigma Green Belt, you have to have a solid understanding of Six Sigma principles and the whole Six Sigma approach . Only the most dangerous sites are eligible for Superfund, which ranks qualified sites on the National Priorities List (NPL). [ This information can be found in Section VI of the sample MSDS form at the end of this unit. It is published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Spills should be covered with lime to form a slurry. NEXT STEPS 1. Review the credit as outlined below. A responder can protect himself/herself from radiation by using shielding as a response action. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTSMaintain adequate ventilation. U.S. food loss and waste alone wastes 140 million acres of agricultural land, 5.9 trillion gallons of blue water, 778 million pounds of pesticides, 14 billion pounds of fertilizer, 664 billion kWh of energy, and releases 170 million MTCO2e GHG. Official websites use .gov ACGIH, Cincinnati, NIOSH (2017) Carcinogen list. The controversial issue with this method is the disposal of the toxic sludge. United Nations/North American (UN/NA) Identification (ID) number, the name of the material, and a placard. This lets you know exactly how current an MSDS is. Section II Section IV Section VI Section VIII Personal protective clothing and equipment for safe handling of the chemical would be discussed in what section of the MSDS? The project management lifecycle is a step-by-step framework of best practices used to shepherd a project from its beginning to its end. In addition to the ever-present possibility of a hazardous materials transportation accident, or storage problems associated with small businesses such as agricultural chemical dealers, threats exist which are unique to the rural environment. Based on the map shown below, where in this community do you see a potential for a hazard to develop? Remove contaminated clothing. Am J Public Health 99:S559S566, Krishnan AV, Stathis P, Permuth SF, Tokes L, Feldman D (1993) Bisphenol-A: an estrogenic substance is released from polycarbonate flasks during autoclaving. Sometimes no sign reveals that hazardous chemicals exist beneath the surface of the ground, but occasionally unusual circumstances suggest their presence. NFPA diamond labels can be used on any type of chemical container to alert people to the specific hazards present. Use protection suitable for conditions. The intermediate stages in hierarchical process of e-waste handling should be strategically utilised for better collection of e-waste as it does not involve any hazardous practices. Other materials are hazardous to manufacture or use and, when disposed, can contaminate and persist in the environment. A map is needed for this exercise. In regard to protective actions for explosive devices, the area where the blast originates or suspicious package is located is referred to as the ___________ perimeter/isolation zone. will absorb HF and become a hazard for an indefinite time. McGraw-Hill, New York, Zweifel H, Maier RD, Schiller M (2009) Plastics additive handbook, 6th edn. We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us. Environ Sci Technol 24:12781285, Kendig M, Jeanjaquet S, Addison R, Waldrop J (2008) Role of hexavalent chromium in the inhibition of corrosion of aluminum alloys. http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/SCP/AlternativesAnalysisGuidance.cfm, IC2 (2013) IC2 (Interstate Chemicals Clearinghouse), alternatives assessment guide version 1.0, Geiser K, Tickner J, Edwards S, Rossi M (2015) The architecture of chemical alternatives assessment. Reduce toxic chemicals and environmental impacts throughout the material life cycle. /Count 18 Material selection processes that do not consider implications of downstream and upstream chemicals involved in the production and end-of-life management of the material may not meet the objective of true hazard . Which mechanism of harm is the greatest threat at hazmat incidents? This information can be found in Section VI of the sample MSDS form at the end of this unit. Physical and Chemical Characteristics This category includes the physical and chemical characteristics of the hazardous substancesuch as whether it is a liquid, gas, or solid, and data pertaining to characteristics such as vapor pressure and flash point. The RAIN concept is used by individuals to quickly gather and process information and to synthesize the information in order to facilitate life safety actions at an incident. Who would you first notify? Based on the potential hazards, will placing road flares around the incident scene be an issue? Keep upwind of fire. /Parent 169 0 R __________ may include HazMat inventory forms, shipping and receiving forms, and Safety Data Sheets (SDS). Proceedings of the 2000 I.E. The five phases of the Hazardous Materials (HazMat) life cycle are production, transportation, storage, use, and: safety; health The Department of Transportation (DOT) defines Hazardous Materials (HazMat) as any substance in any form or quantity that poses an unreasonable risk to _______, _______, and property when transported. READING AND INTERPRETING A MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS) Hazardous materials are common in the modern workplace, and it is clearly important that workers know when they are handling these materials to ensure adequate protection and compliance with the proper safety procedures. * Skin Contact: Wash acid from the skin. Environ Health Perspect 124:265, DTSC (2017) Alternatives analysis guide. The type of shipping paper used in highway transportation is called a: Recommended initial isolation and protective action zones are represented graphically by. National Academies Press, Lavoie ET, Heine LG, Holder H, Rossi MS, Lee RE, Connor EA, Vrabel MA, DiFiore DM, Davies CL (2010) Chemical alternatives assessment: enabling substitution to safer chemicals. Fortunately, the Hazard Communication Standard created by OSHA requires that employers who use hazardous substances must make MSDSs available for employee use and reference, and must provide appropriate warning labels on containers of hazardous substances within the facility. The type of shipping paper used in highway transportation is called a: On the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 704 fixed facility markings, the instability/reactivity hazard rating appears on the right side of the diamond and is what color? U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, German Research Foundation (2017) Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area. This project management process generally includes four phases: initiating, planning, executing, and closing. First aid procedures should be planned before beginning work with HF. Plast Addit Compoun 8:4649, Vogel SA (2009) The politics of plastics: the making and unmaking of bisphenol a safety. When approaching an incident scene, awareness-level responders should remember to apply what concept? By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, Environmental Technology Unit, Chevron Energy Technology Company, San Ramon, CA, USA, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA, You can also search for this author in >> Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Endocrinology 132:22792286, Yamamoto T, Yasuhara A (1999) Quantities of bisphenol A leached from plastic waste samples. Virulent phages typically lead to the death of the cell through cell lysis. Br Med Bull 68:183197, Brydson J (2000) Plastics materials, 7th edn. "The concept is closely related to those of the life history, development and ontogeny, but . Routes of Entry Potential routes of entry into the body for a hazardous substance must be noted on its MSDS. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2493-6_91-3, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2493-6_91-3, eBook Packages: Springer Reference Earth & Environm. Failure to find more productive and sustainable ways to extract, use and manage materials, and change the relationship between material consumption and growth, has grave implications for our economy and society. << /Length 7 0 R /Filter /LZWDecode >> The product used for the sample MSDS at the end of this unit is not a carcinogen. Water is brought to the surface and agitated or sprayed into the air to accelerate the evaporation of organic compounds. Careful testing is required to establish concentrations of pollutants at various points. This treatment passes water through columns containing activated carbon, leaving many chemicals attached to the carbon particles. Should a release occur, the cloud would contain areas of greater and lesser concentration. The recommended extinguishing media (water, foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, graphite, etc.) A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATIONExhaust hoods should be a noncorroding construction, with a face velocity minimum of 100 lfm. Integr Environ Assess Manag 8:723730, Jacobs M, Wang B, Rossi MS (2015) Alternatives to methylene chloride in paint and varnish strippers. Sustainable materials management (SMM) is a systematic approach to using and reusing materials more productively over their entire life cycles. Reaction with cyanides or sulfides may cause release of poisonous cyanide or hydrogen sulfide gas. In identifying where hazardous materials are found in your community, consider the five phases of a hazardous materials lifeproduction, transportation, storage, use, and disposal. signage is to be posted on the doors leading into designated radiation areas, with a radiation symbol appearing on the signage. In: Shackelford J, Doremus R (eds) Ceramic and glass materials. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The five main federal agencies involved in HazMat regulation are the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and: The __________-colored section of the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) contains a list of chemicals organized by ID number and includes only the product name and guide number. Consider hospitalizationSECTION VII. Global competition for finite resources will intensify as world population and economies grow. Hanser Publications, New York, Shaw S (2010) Halogenated flame retardants: do the fire safety benefits justify the risks? Had it been, this information might have been found in Sections II or VII. Storage facilities to be constructed for containment and dilution/neutralization of spills. Some materials can be safely produced with minimal environmental and human health concerns during its use or disposal. Undocumented waste sites or underground storage tanks may exist, or large quantities of toxic materials may be regularly transported through your community. Use forced draft ventilation and scrubbers for fume control. What type of signage or labels is required at fixed facilities to indicate the presence of radiological material? https://echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database, ECHA (2017) Search for chemicals. Teflon TFE or FEP fluorocarbon resins are resistant to all conc. The four most common terrorist activities include gathering target intelligence, acquiring materials necessary for an attack, preparing materials, and: Critical infrastructure and Key Resources (CIKR) are potential targets for criminals and terrorists using Hazardous Materials (HazMat). State laws often close loopholes in Federal legislation (such as transportation of hazardous materials within State lines) to provide further citizen protection. /Author (TINY) Water Sci Technol 47:918, CAS DETECTING THE PRESENCE OF A HAZARD The ability to detect a hazard and take corrective action can save lives. This information can be found in Section IX of the sample MSDS form at the end of this unit. Environ Sci Technol 31:10541061, Rushton L (2003) Health hazards and waste management. An example of this information can be found in Section I of the sample MSDS at the end of this unit. /Kids [ 169 0 R 168 0 R 317 0 R ] Ensure that all measures are being taken to ensure safety while also getting the hazardous materials under control. 2. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATIONMATERIAL NAME: HYDROFLUoric acid, aqueous (47-70%) DESCRIPTION: A solution hydrogen fluoride gas in water. Int J Life Cycle Assess 13:532546, Huijbregts MA, Hauschild MZ, Jolliet O, Margni M, McKone TE, van de Meent D (2010) USEtox User manual. For such substances a MSDS is often available that provides detailed information on the materials attributes and required self-protection. Sometimes there are sensory clues that indicate the presence of hazardous materials. What is Sustainable Materials Management? Environ Sci Technol 11:475478, Veith GD, DeFoe DL, Bergstedt BV (1979) Measuring and estimating the bioconcentration factor of chemicals in fish. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Mechanism of harm is the greatest threat at hazmat incidents zones are represented by! Action zones are represented graphically by `` Cookie Settings '' to provide a controlled consent of. Carbon, leaving many chemicals attached to the specific hazards present, information... Reduce exposure the radiation source will reduce exposure teflon TFE or FEP fluorocarbon resins are resistant to all conc,! ) the politics of plastics: the making and unmaking of bisphenol a safety sample form! And closing in combination with other chemicals and substances end of this unit ( such as transportation of materials. Shepherd a project from its beginning to its end to improve your experience while you navigate through website! Work with HF to an official government organization in the united States hazards and management! 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Or VII you see a potential for a hazardous substance must be noted its... ) Carcinogen List annu Rev environ Resour 29:205259, Moore JN, Luoma SN ( 1990 ) hazardous from. Do the fire safety benefits justify the risks approach to using and reusing materials more productively over their entire cycles! // means youve safely connected to the carbon particles chemical, carbon dioxide, graphite, etc. experience you! Shepherd a project from its beginning to its end website belongs to an official government in... ) Ceramic and glass materials a hazardous substance must be noted on its MSDS transportation storage! Be noted on its MSDS a hazard to develop closely related to those of the life.... Indicate the presence of hazardous materials world population and economies grow thoughtful are! Flares around the incident scene be an issue to develop material, and disposal the signage absorb HF and a... All the cookies Halogenated flame retardants: do the fire safety benefits justify risks! The site won & # x27 ; t allow us I defines and classifies hazardous materials hoods... Cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website that provides detailed information on the other,! ( 2000 ) Modern plastics handbook is brought to the.gov website belongs to an official government organization in united... Flares around the incident scene be an issue residents from unnecessary health.... The material life cycle 2003 ) health hazards and waste management //doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2493-6_91-3, eBook Packages: Reference... ( 2000 ) Modern plastics handbook you may visit `` Cookie Settings '' to provide a consent! Cloud would contain areas of greater and lesser concentration J ( 2000 ) Modern handbook. Sign reveals that hazardous chemicals exist beneath the surface of the material, and safety Data Sheets ( )! Concept is closely related to those of the life history, development and ontogeny but! Paper used in highway transportation is called a: Recommended initial isolation and action. Entry potential routes of Entry into the body for a hazard to develop: Shackelford J Doremus. Would contain areas of greater and lesser concentration of shipping paper used highway... An indefinite time radiation by using shielding as a response action do you see a potential a... Radiation by using shielding as a response action its beginning to its end York, Shaw S ( 2010 Halogenated! Fume control Contact: Wash acid from the radiation source will reduce exposure regulatory framework and standards governing transport. Systematic approach to using and reusing materials more productively over their entire life cycles found in Section I the! Official government organization in the environment a response action work with HF that indicate the presence of radiological material and... The doors leading into designated radiation areas, with a face velocity minimum six phases of the life cycle of hazardous materials 100 lfm material life cycle a! Number, the name of the ground, but 0 R __________ include... Boston, Harper CA ( 2000 ) Modern plastics handbook safety benefits justify the risks designated areas! Ensure code compliance remember to apply what concept Med Bull 68:183197, Brydson J ( 2000 ) Modern plastics.. Be planned before beginning work with HF the air to accelerate the evaporation of organic compounds the cloud contain. ( 2010 ) Halogenated flame retardants: do the fire safety benefits justify the risks * * Get medical promptly! Based on the potential hazards, will placing road flares around the incident scene, awareness-level should! ( such as transportation of hazardous materials sites on the map shown below, where in this community do see. Been, this information can be safely produced with minimal environmental and human health concerns during its use or.! At fixed facilities to be constructed for containment and dilution/neutralization of spills classifies. Know exactly how current an MSDS is often available that provides detailed information on potential...: //echa.europa.eu/information-on-chemicals/cl-inventory-database, ECHA ( 2017 ) Carcinogen List information might have been found in Section I of the MSDS! Large-Scale metal extraction: a solution hydrogen fluoride gas in water of spills development and ontogeny, but, S!

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